The Puzzling Doctrine of Eminent Domain

I've been struggling to wrap my head around the concept of Eminent Domain in our CLAT notes. Papa ne me explanation diya, but abhi bhi confused hoon. According to the doctrine, the state can acquire private property for public use, with just compensation being the only constraint. But what if the property owner doesn't agree on the compensation amount? Does the state have the power to just take over the property, or can the owner take the state to court?

Papa says it's similar to the 'Narmada Bachao Andolan' case, where the SC allowed the construction of dams in the Narmada valley, but the property owners weren't properly compensated. I'm still unclear about the extent of the state's power and what constitutes 'public use'. Is it just me, or is this section a bit of a grey area?